Maven in 5 Minutes

1 版本

mvn --version

2 创建工程

使用命令 mvn archetype:generate 来创建

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.mycompany.app -DartifactId=my-app -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart -DinteractiveMode=false

标准目录布局

my-app
|-- pom.xml
`-- src
    |-- main
    |   `-- java
    |       `-- com
    |           `-- mycompany
    |               `-- app
    |                   `-- App.java
    `-- test
        `-- java
            `-- com
                `-- mycompany
                    `-- app
                        `-- AppTest.java

3 编译

mvn package

When a phase is given, Maven will execute every phase in the sequence up to and including the one defined. For example, if we execute the compile phase, the phases that actually get executed are:

validate
generate-sources
process-sources
generate-resources
process-resources
compile

You may test the newly compiled and packaged JAR with the following command:

java -cp target/my-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar com.mycompany.app.App

以下摘自命令java -h:

-cp <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>

4 Maven Phases

The most common default lifecycle phases:

validate: validate the project is correct and all necessary information is available
compile: compile the source code of the project
test: test the compiled source code using a suitable unit testing framework. These tests should not require the code be packaged or deployed
package: take the compiled code and package it in its distributable format, such as a JAR.
integration-test: process and deploy the package if necessary into an environment where integration tests can be run
verify: run any checks to verify the package is valid and meets quality criteria
install: install the package into the local repository, for use as a dependency in other projects locally
deploy: done in an integration or release environment, copies the final package to the remote repository for sharing with other developers and projects.

There are two other Maven lifecycles of note beyond the default list above. They are

clean: cleans up artifacts created by prior builds
site: generates site documentation for this project

Phases and goals may be executed in sequence:

mvn clean dependency:copy-dependencies package

5 Generating the Site

mvn site

This phase generates a site based upon information on the project's pom. You can look at the documentation generated under target/site.

1. Maven in 5 minutes